ORIENTAL STUDIES
BAKU STATE UNIVERSITY JOURNAL of
ORIENTAL STUDIES
ISSN: 3134-7231 (ONLINE);      ISSN: 3134-9013 (PRINT);
PHONETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CONSONANT CLUSTERS IN PERSIAN (BASED ON NIZAMI GANJAVI`S “KHAMSA”)
Received: 07-Apr-2025 Accepted: 19-May-2025 Published: 28-Oct-2025 Read PDF Download PDF
Asmetkhanım MAMADOVA
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30546/209805.2025.101.2.1046
Abstract
Language – our speech – is composed of a stream of sequential sounds and phonetic units that can be easily distinguished during pronunciation. If we analyze human speech, which resembles a chain, by breaking it down from complex to simple components, we should begin with sentence series – the largest units after speech – and end with the smallest linguistic unit, the phoneme. Correspondingly, if we break down the phonetic units of language, the analysis should start with the intonation system and end with sound and silence. Knowing that Persian phonemes consist of 6 vowels and 23 consonants, and considering 3 types of syllables, the total number of possible syllables in Persian would be 76,314. However, for this number to be achievable there should be no restriction on the combinations of consonants and vowels in the language. If every phoneme could freely occur next to any other, we could easily reach the aforementioned number. However, because not every phoneme can appear adjacent to another, the actual number of syllables is significantly lower – less than one-tenth of that figure. In this study, we examine the distributional properties of Persian compressed-plosive consonants according to the CVCC syllable structure, based on Nizami Ganjavi`s “Khamsa”.

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