On the based SU(5) subgroup cross sections of direct reactions and characteristics 0+ excited levels: probabilities multipole transitions were studied. This study demonstrated the sensitivity of transition probabilities to nuclear structure. The nature of 0+ excited states is very complex; on the one hand, they can be multiphonon, quasiparticle‐phonon, and mixed residual states. It has been shown that in direct reactions 0+ levels will be more strongly excited in deformed nuclei. This leads to the conclusion about the important role of the quadrupole‐quadrupole interaction ‐ this is the part of the interaction that is not reduced to the mean field. It is proposed to describe the collective vibrational degree of freedom by an algebra SU(5), which is formed by five components.