For the first time, the article analyzes the trends of sustainable economic development in the Republic of Azerbaijan through the “Decoupling Efficiency” Index, and identifies the interrelationship of all three processes in the balance of equality “economic development = use of natural resources = degree of anthropogenic impact on the environment”. For this purpose, the "Decoupling Efficiency" index was calculated based on the dynamics of GDP and water changes from natural sources in the country between 2015 and 2020. The analysis shows that even though GDP and water from natural sources decreased by 9.1% and 9.8%, respec-tively, the "Decoupling Factor" (-) 0.0781 was formed. The final result of DF is less than “0” (-) indicator that economic resource development in the republic has growth dynamics of anthropogenic impact on the environment, as well as “Decou-pling Efficiency” is not observed in economic development, it does not meet the OESD-sustainability index.